The key thing to remember when it comes to resistance management is to know your mode of actions. Whether a premix, tank mix, or single application each fungicide, insecticide and herbicide is represented by their individual codes. These resistance action codes (FRACs) can be found on the products label. Using multiple mode of actions will decrease the chances of resistance and prolong the effectiveness of the product.
Fungicide Resistance Action Committee (FRAC) codes
UPL Fungicides | ||||||
Group | 1 | T-Bird® 4.5L (Thiophanate-methyl) | ||||
Group | 2 | Raven® (Iprodione) | ||||
Group | M3 | Manzate® Max T&O (Mancozeb) | ||||
Group | 3 | Kestrel® MEX (Propiconazole)/td> | ||||
Group | 3 | Skylark® (Tebuconazole) | ||||
Group | 4 | Vireo® MEC (Metalaxyl) | ||||
Group | M1 | Cuprofix® Ultra 40 Disperss® (Copper Sulfate) | ||||
Group | M2 | Microthiol® Disperss® (Sulfur) | ||||
Group | M5 | Pegasus® (Chlorothalonil) | ||||
Group | 1 | 2 | Dovetail® (Thiophanate-Methyl + Iprodione) | |||
Group | 1 | 3 | Froghorn™ (Thiophanate-Methyl + Tebuconazole) | |||
Group | 3 | 11 | Goliath™ XP (Propiconazole + Azoxystrobin) | |||
Group | 3 | 11 | M3 | Dexter™ XCEL (Azoxystrobin + Mancozeb + Tebuconazole) |
These numbers and letters are used to classify each fungicide according to their cross-resistance behavior. Single-site fungicides only act against one point in the pathogens metabolic pathway or targets a critical protein needed for the fungi to fully develop. As a result of this specific activity, fungi are more likely to become resistant to the fungicide. For example, group 3 or Demethylation Inhibitors (DMIs) are known to have some resistance with certain diseases like S. homoeocarpa (dollar spot). Multi-site fungicides act against multiple points in preventing fungi and risk of resistance is low. These fungicides are generally represented by having an “M” attached to a number in their group. An example is Manzate® Max T&O (M3) and Pegasus® (M5) which provides multi-site control with no known resistance.
UPL’s fungicide portfolio provides multiple options when it comes to disease prevention. Tank mixing different single-site fungicides in different FRAC groups often helps to delay resistance. Tank mixing products such as T-Bird® 4.5L + Raven® will provide excellent control while reducing resistance risk. UPL also provides premixes such as Goliath™XP which provides disease control to more than 20 different diseases. Also, available is new 3-way Dexter™ XCEL, which is a unique combination featuring different single-site and multi-site fungicides that provides superior control with no resistance issues.
Former UPL technical expert Bret Corbett produced the above chart and guidance.
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